Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School  
Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School
  Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School
Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School
Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School
Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School
  Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence SchoolHOME
Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School
Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School
An exposure that might place HCP at risk for HIV infection is defined as a percutaneous injury (e.g., a needlestick or cut with a sharp object) or contact of mucous membrane or nonintact skin (e.g., exposed skin that is chapped, abraded, or afflicted with dermatitis) with blood, tissue, or other body fluids that are potentially infectious. In addition to blood and visibly bloody body fluids, semen and vaginal secretions also are considered potentially infectious. Although semen and vaginal secretions have been implicated in the sexual transmission of HIV, they have not been implicated in occupational transmission from patients to HCP. The following fluids also are considered potentially infectious: cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, pericardial fluid, and amniotic fluid. The risk for transmission of HIV infection from these fluids is unknown; the potential risk to HCP from occupational exposures has not been assessed by epidemiologic studies in health-care settings. Feces, nasal secretions, saliva, sputum, sweat, tears, urine, and vomitus are not considered potentially infectious unless they are visibly bloody; the risk for transmission of HIV infection from these fluids and materials is low (7).
Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School
Crime Scene Cleanup Correspondence School

Risk for Occupational Transmission of HIV

The risks for occupational transmission of HIV have been described; risks vary with the type and severity of exposure (2,3,7). In prospective studies of HCP, the average risk for HIV transmission after a percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected blood has been estimated to be approximately 0.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.2%--0.5%) (7) and after a mucous membrane exposure, approximately 0.09% (CI = 0.006%--0.5%) (3). Although episodes of HIV transmission after nonintact skin exposure have been documented, the average risk for transmission by this route has not been precisely quantified but is estimated to be less than the risk for mucous membrane exposures. The risk for transmission after exposure to fluids or tissues other than HIV-infected blood also has not been quantified but is probably considerably lower than for blood exposures.

Studies have shown that a satisfactory reduction of microbial contamination can be achieved at water temperatures lower than 160°F if laundry chemicals suitable for low-temperature washing are used at proper concentrations.

 

Bloodborne Pathogens in Healthcare Settings

Healthcare personnel are at risk for occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens, including hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV). Exposures occur through needlesticks or cuts from other sharp instruments contaminated with an infected patient's blood or through contact of the eye, nose, mouth, or skin with a patient's blood.

 

Pathogens

Settings and Populations

 

OSHA -

1910.1030(g)(1)(i)(I)

Regulated waste that has been decontaminated need not be labeled or color-coded.

 

Information and Training.
1910.1030(g)(2)(i)
Employers shall ensure that all employees with occupational exposure participate in a training program which must be provided at no cost to the employee and during working hours.
1910.1030(g)(2)(ii)
Training shall be provided as follows:
1910.1030(g)(2)(ii)(A)
At the time of initial assignment to tasks where occupational exposure may take place;
1910.1030(g)(2)(ii)(B)
At least annually thereafter.

1910.1030(g)(2)(iii)

1910.1030(g)(2)(vii)
The training program shall contain at a minimum the following elements:
1910.1030(g)(2)(vii)(A)
An accessible copy of the regulatory text of this standard and an explanation of its contents;
1910.1030(g)(2)(vii)(B)
A general explanation of the epidemiology and symptoms of bloodborne diseases;
1910.1030(g)(2)(vii)(C)
An explanation of the modes of transmission of bloodborne pathogens;
1910.1030(g)(2)(vii)(D)
An explanation of the employer's exposure control plan and the means by which the employee can obtain a copy of the written plan;
1910.1030(g)(2)(vii)(E)
An explanation of the appropriate methods for recognizing tasks and other activities that may involve exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials;
1910.1030(g)(2)(vii)(F)
An explanation of the use and limitations of methods that will prevent or reduce exposure including appropriate engineering controls, work practices, and personal protective equipment;